عن عُمَر بْن الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ إِذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعَرِ لَا يُرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ وَلَا يَعْرِفُهُ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ حَتَّى جَلَسَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ إِلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ وَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِسْلَامِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْإِسْلَامُ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنْ اسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَعَجِبْنَا لَهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِيمَانِ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِحْسَانِ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ السَّاعَةِ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنْ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أَمَارَتِهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَلِدَ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ قَالَ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ فَلَبِثْتُ مَلِيًّا ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي يَا عُمَرُ أَتَدْرِي مَنْ السَّائِلُ قُلْتُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ
Umar ibn al-Khattab reported: We were sitting with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, one day when a man appeared with very white clothes and very black hair. There were no signs of travel on him and we did not recognize him. He sat down in front of the Prophet and rested his knees by his knees and placed his hands on his thighs. The man said, “O Muhammad, tell me about Islam.” The Prophet said, “Islam is to testify there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to establish prayer, to give charity, to fast the month of Ramadan, and to perform pilgrimage to the House if a way is possible.” The man said, “You have spoken truthfully.” We were surprised that he asked him and said he was truthful. He said, “Tell me about faith.” The Prophet said, “Faith is to believe in Allah, his angels, his books, his messengers, the Last Day, and to believe in providence, its good and its evil.” The man said, “You have spoken truthfully. Tell me about excellence.” The Prophet said, “Excellence is to worship Allah as if you see him, for if you do not see him, he surely sees you.” The man said, “Tell me about the final hour.” The Prophet said, “The one asked does not know more than the one asking.” The man said, “Tell me about its signs.” The Prophet said, “The slave girl will give birth to her mistress and you will see barefoot, naked, and dependent shepherds compete in the construction of tall buildings.” Then, the man returned and I remained. The Prophet said to me, “O Umar, do you know who he was?” I said, “Allah and his messenger know best.” The Prophet said, “Verily, he was Gabriel who came to teach you your religion.”
Source: Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 8
Grade: Sahih (authentic) according to Muslim.
Some facts about Hadith Jibril:
- It happened 80 days before the wafat of the Prophet SAW.
- A summarisation of the Deen.
- Narrated by Umar Ibn Al- Khattab : second closest companion to the Prophet SAW.
- Jibril disguised as a man with white clothes when he appeared.
- He set his palms on Rasulullah's thighs to signify a close and comfortable relationship.
- Taught that questions can also be used as a teaching device.
Let's talk about Islam, Iman and Ihsan!
Islam:
Arkan al-Islam, The foundations of Islam.
Shahdah: not just words, but an act done with tongue. In Islam, words = actions. Hence, our shahdah shouldn't solely be uttered but applied through our actions and convicted in our hearts.
Salah: 5 daily prayers
Zakah: Alms giving
Sawm: Fasting in Ramadhan
Hajj: Pilgrimage to Mecca
Iman:
Belief = Tasdeeq to verify or affirm or firm conviction in one’s heart.
It should be expressed through actions, words and thoughts and the heart.
The Arkan Al- Imaan:
Belief in Allah
Belief in Angels
Belief in Books
Belief in Messengers
Belief in the Last Day
Belief in Qada' and Qadr
Belief in Qada' and Qadr: believing that everything is proportioned and determined, believing in both good and evil.
Theodicy is often a problem in many religion. For instance, for the Christians, attempts to explain the presence of evil in world has been a huge bugbear for them. However, in Islam it is not a problem. Muslims know that good and evil are too, creations of Allah. Thus, He is above the scale of judging good and evil. We ourselves are not able to judge truly on what is good and evil. However, as a guide, Allah has given us a standard. For example, killing is evil. But some times, the act may not necessarily evil. An act is truly judged by the thought and intention.
Ihsan
Root word: Ahsana.
Meaning: Literally it means to make something beautiful. However, technically it is defined as doing virtuous deeds. It is an act of bringing virtue into the world.
It is also regarded as the highest thing in Islam as it allows one to beautify the world with virtue.
It is important to note that doing what is beautiful is equivalent to doing an act as you can see God.
Why?
Imagine how your treatment toward others and animals if you see could see God.
It would be like when you're going to other’s house. Obviously, one would put on their best behaviour when visiting other's house as the host is present.
Hence, having Ihsan means that a Muhsin (one who possess Ihsan) would live in the world as a guest in the dominon of God. = behave appropriately.
The Hadith Jibreel also describes the signs of Qiyamah.
the day of qiyamah:
One of them are:
"The slavegirl give birth to her mistress."
3 interpretations from the scholars:
1. The upside down turning of social order; where good becomes bad, high people become low and low people become high.
This is evident in today's society. Where leadership positions are given to incompetent individuals, bad morales are uplifted and normalised; and when faith and creed are regarded as ignorant and asinine.
2. Children becomes rebellious to their parents.
Another problem in today's society is that more youth are becoming more outspoken. Although this is essential and very much encouraged, many have completely disregarded respect and speech towards the elders, especially their parents. Along with the widespread of ideologies such as liberalism, many children in this contemporary era rebel against advice and words of their parents as they would think that standing by their own rules is more efficient and true.
Another lesson learned form the story:
Fact: Umar R.A and the other sahabahs didn't ask who the man in the white clothes was until the Prophet SAW told them himself. This is because one of the adabs of the sahabah is to not ask what is unimportant. Especially when it is in regards to knowledge and revelation.
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